If you’re looking for one of Tuscany’s most remarkable nature experiences, the Orbetello Lagoon Nature Reserve is a destination not to miss. Located between the Monte Argentario peninsula and the Tuscan mainland, this protected wetland is one of Italy’s most important ecosystems and a paradise for birdwatching, photography, cycling and slow travel.

The Orbetello Lagoon covers over 2,500 hectares, with around 870 hectares protected and managed as the WWF Orbetello Oasis. Every year, thousands of migratory birds stop here while travelling between Europe, Africa and Asia, making it one of the best places for wildlife observation in Tuscany.

First published in 2016. Last updated in July 2026.

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Where is the Orbetello Lagoon?

The lagoon lies between the Monte Argentario promontory and the Tuscan coast, just a few minutes from Porto Santo Stefano and Porto Ercole.

Two sandy strips of land, known as the Giannella Tombolo to the north and the Feniglia Tombolo to the south, separate the lagoon from the Tyrrhenian Sea. Both are home to long sandy beaches, pine forests and scenic cycling routes.

At the centre of the lagoon sits the historic town of Orbetello, connected to Monte Argentario by a causeway. Along this route stands one of the area’s most photographed landmarks: the historic Spanish Windmill, originally built during the Republic of Siena and later restored under Spanish rule when Orbetello became the capital of the State of Presidi in the 16th century.

Why is the Orbetello Lagoon famous?

The Orbetello Lagoon is renowned for its exceptional biodiversity.

More than 260 bird species have been recorded here, making it one of Italy’s leading birdwatching destinations. Depending on the season, visitors may spot:

• Pink flamingos
• Grey and purple herons
• Black-winged stilts
• Marsh harriers
• Ospreys
• Ducks, egrets and many migratory species

The surrounding landscape also supports foxes, porcupines, badgers, turtles, lizards and numerous butterfly species.

The vegetation is equally rich, with Mediterranean scrub, cork oaks, myrtle, tamarisks, reeds, salicornia, pine trees and holm oaks creating a unique coastal habitat.

Birdwatching and visiting the WWF Orbetello Oasis

Part of the lagoon is protected as the WWF Orbetello Oasis, one of Tuscany’s most important nature reserves.

Inside the reserve you’ll find:

• Birdwatching hides overlooking the wetlands
• A botanical nature trail
• A butterfly garden
• A visitor centre housed inside a beautifully restored 17th-century Spanish farmhouse
• Educational exhibitions dedicated to wetland ecosystems

The reserve is generally open to visitors from September to April, when you can explore with fewer restrictions. In the warmer months, access is more limited and some visits are available only by guided tour and reservation, so it is best to check the latest opening hours and booking rules directly with the WWF Oasi before planning your trip: +39 388 4231098 / oasiorbetello@wwf.it

Best time to visit the Orbetello Lagoon

The lagoon is beautiful throughout the year, but each season offers something different.

• Autumn and spring are ideal for migratory birdwatching.
• Winter is one of the best times to observe flamingos and many resident species.
• Summer is perfect for combining nature walks with nearby beaches such as Giannella and Feniglia, although the WWF reserve has more limited public access during the warmer months.

Early morning and sunset offer the most spectacular light for photography and wildlife observation.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can you visit the Orbetello Lagoon?

Yes. Much of the lagoon can be admired freely from trails, cycling paths and panoramic viewpoints. Access to the WWF Orbetello Oasis is regulated and usually available between September and April. Always check current opening times before your visit.

Why are there flamingos in Orbetello?

The lagoon’s shallow, salty waters provide an ideal habitat rich in the small organisms flamingos feed on. Many remain throughout the year, while others stop here during seasonal migrations. Flamingos concentrate here in autumn–winter, with peaks often recorded around December.

Is the Orbetello Lagoon worth visiting?

Absolutely. It is one of Tuscany’s most important protected wetlands and combines outstanding wildlife, beautiful landscapes, cycling routes, beaches and historic towns within a compact area.

How much time should you spend at the Orbetello Lagoon?

Most visitors spend between two and four hours exploring the reserve and nearby viewpoints. However, many choose to stay several days in the Monte Argentario area to combine nature, beaches, local gastronomy and outdoor activities.

Where should you stay to visit the Orbetello Lagoon?

If you plan to spend more than a day in the area, staying around Monte Argentario makes it easy to combine the lagoon, the beaches and the historic villages at a relaxed pace. One of the nearby options is Argentario Golf & Wellness Resort, a quiet base for exploring the wider territory.